If under the diesel filter metal chips or finite black dust appear, it means that the elements of the high pressure generator are damaged.
The failure you mention is because in the injector ramp there is less pressure than due, (still enough for the engine to walk more or less well).
In principle one can think that it is the pressure regulator that is wrong and there is escaping part of the pressure, but as you say, if they have already reviewed it, and even changed the actuator (about 400 euros) because ... it is going to be that this is not what Chungo is.
Normally, if you continue to have the fault light on with the same failure, after paying a repair, there is the guarantee, just as you pay, they must fulfill.
The logical thing is to approach the workshop again and say \ "hey, that this remains the same \" to put the diagnosis and investigate whether it is the same fault code or if now something different happens.
If the pump fucks, you will notice because the car will stop as if you had removed the contact, nothing more, yes, it will not start again until you change the piece.
In fine, I hope I have clarified something in this letter.